Hebrew phrasebook

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Hebrew is spoken as a daily language in Israel and is used as a religious language by Jews worldwide.

Hebrew is written with a different alphabet than most European languages, and is written from right to left.

	hebrew phrasebook Travel Guide : 1 Pronunciation guide 2 Phrase list 2.1 Basics 2.2 Pronouns 2.3 Asking Questions 2.4 Numbers 2.5 Time 2.6 Days of the week 2.7 Months 2.8 Duration 2.9 Seasons

Pronunciation guide

The Hebrew alphabet consists entirely of consonants, though some can facultate as vowels. Vowels are indicated with a system of dots and dashes next to the letters, but these are usually omitted except in Bibles and children's books. It is common for words, especially foreign words, to be spelled in more than one way; the Abu'l`afia Synagogue has five different spellings of its name on its signs.

The accent is usually on the last syllable; most of the exceptions are segolates (words in which segol, the e-sound, was inserted after the accent), such as elef "thousand". Some words have a diphthong "ua" or "ia" which is one syllable but sounds like two, like English "oil". This is called pattach gnubah "stolen a-sound" and occurs in shavua "week", which is accented on the "u".

Five letters (?????) have a different form at the end of a word (?????, respectively). These are named by adding ????? (so-FEET) "final" to the name of the letter, e.g. ??? ?????.

? aleph 

glottal stop or silent ('sometimes used as the letter a when rendering English in Hebrew')

? beth 

like bear or maven

? gimel 

like gone

? daleth 

like dude

? he 

like harp; silent at the end of a word, unless it has a dot in it

? vav 

like violin; also or or tune when used as a vowel

? zayin 

like zany

? cheth 

voiceless gargle, i.e. like the scotish loch

? teth 

like tuck

? yod 

like yet; also say or honey when used as a vowel

? ? kaph 

like keep, or halfway between keep and heap

? lamedh 

like leave

? ? mem 

like mother

? ? nun 

like never

? samekh 

like some

? `ayin 

constriction of the throat, but you can just say ', though there are some minimal pairs

? ? pe 

like upon or loofa

? ? tsadi 

like boots

? qoph 

like coo, but further back in the throat

? resh 

voiced gargle as in French

? sin, shin 

like shoot or seem

? tav 

like teeth; in some dialects sometimes like juice or teeth

Phrase list

Somewhat unusually, Hebrew verbs conjugate according to the gender of the sentence's object: different verb forms must thus be used when speaking to men and women. These have been noted below when appropriate.

Basics

Hello. 

????. (shah-LOHM)
The Hebrew greeting, though the English "Hi" is also used.

Bye. 

????. (shah-LOHM)
Yes, the greeting is the same for the start and end of conversation. See also "See you later".

See you later. 

???????. (leh-hit-rah-'OHT)
The most common farewell greeting, besides the English "Bye".

Good morning. 

???? ??? (BOH-ker TOHV)

Good afternoon. 

?????? ????? (tsoh-hoh-RAH-yeem toh-VEEM)

Good evening. 

??? ??? (EH-rev TOHV)

Good night. 

???? ??? (LIGH-lah TOHV)

How are you? (addressing to a man). 

‫?? ??????‬ (mah shlom-KHAH)

How are you? (addressing to a woman). 

‫?? ??????‬ (mah shloh-MEKH)

How are you? (What's new?). 

‫?? ?????‬ (mah nish-MAH)

Thank you. 

???? (toh-DAH)

Please. 

????? (be-vah-kuh-SHAH)

Excuse me. 

????? (slee-KHAH)

I don't understand. (a man). 

??? ?? ???? (ahni loh meh-VEEN)

I don't understand. (a woman). 

??? ?? ????? (ahni loh meh-VEENA)

Pronouns

I 

??? (ah-NEE)

You (singular, masc.) 

??? (ah-TAH)

You (singular, fem.) 

?? (aht)

He 

??? (hoo)

She 

??? (hee)

We 

????? (ah-NAKH-noo)

You (plural, masc.) 

??? (ah-TEM)

You (plural, fem.) 

??? (ah-TEN)

They (plural, masc.) 

?? (hem)

They (plural, fem.) 

?? (hen)

Asking Questions

Who? 

‫???‬ (mee)

What? 

‫???‬ (mah)

Where is ...? 

‫?????‬ (ey-FOH)

Where to? 

‫????‬ (leh-AH-n)

Where from? 

‫?????\?????‬ (mee-ey-FOH/meh-Ah-een)

When? 

‫????‬ (mah-TIGH)

Why? 

‫????‬ (lah-MAH), ‫?????‬ (mah-DOOah)

How much? 

‫????‬ (kah-MAH)

Where are you from? 

When speaking to a male: ‫???? ????‬ (meh-'IGHN ah-TAH)

When speaking to a female: ‫???? ???‬ (meh-'IGHN aht)

Do you speak English? 

When speaking to a male: ‫??? ???? ???????‬ (ah-TAH meh-dah-BEHR ahn-GLEET?)
When speaking to a female: ‫?? ????? ???????‬ (aht meh-dah-BEH-ret ahn-GLEET?)

Numbers

0 

??? (EH-fess)

1 

??? (ah-KHAT)

2 

????? (SHTAH-yeem)

3 

??? (shah-LOSH)

4 

???? (AHR-bah)

5 

??? (khah-MESH)

6 

?? (shesh)

7 

??? (SHEH-vah)

8 

????? (shmo-NEH)

9 

??? (TEY-shah)

10 

??? (EH-sehr)

11 

??? ???? (ah-khat es-REH)

12 

???? ???? (shtem es-REH)

13 

???? ???? (shlosh es-REH)

14 

???? ???? (ar-bah es-REH)

15 

??? ???? (kha-mesh es-REH)

16 

?? ???? (shesh es-REH)

17 

??? ???? (shva es-REH)

18 

????? ???? (shmo-nah es-REH)

19 

??? ???? (tshah es-REH)

20 

????? (es-REEM)

25 

????? ???? (es-REEM ve-khah-MESH)

30 

????? (shlo-SHEEM)

40 

?????? (ar-bah-EEM)

50 

????? (khah-mee-SHEEM)

60 

???? (shee-SHEEM)

70 

????? (shiv-EEM)

80 

?????? (shmo-NEEM)

90 

????? (tish-EEM)

100 

??? (MEH-'ah)

200 

?????? (m'ah-TAH-yeem)

300 

??? ???? (sh-LOSH meh-'OHT)

1000 

??? (EH-lef)

1% 

???? (ah-KHOOZ ah-KHAD)

5% 

????? ?????? (kha-misha ah-KHOOZIM)

100% 

??? ???? (MEH-'ah ah-KHOOZ)

Half 

??? (KHE-tsee)

Quarter 

??? (REH-vah)

More 

???? (yoh-TEHR)

Less 

???? (pah-KHOHT)

Time

Today 

???? (hah-YOHM)

Yesterday 

????? (et-MOHL)

Tomorrow 

??? (mah-KHAHR)

The day before yesterday 

????? (shil-SHOHM)

The day after tomorrow 

??????? (makh-rah-TAH-yeem)

Days of the week

Except for Shabbat, these are ordinal numbers. But bot thees abd the names of the first 6 letters in the Hebrew Alfa-Beit are used.

Sunday 

??? ????? (yohm ree-SHOHN)

Monday 

??? ??? (yohm shey-NEE)

Tuesday 

??? ????? (yohm shlee-SHEE)

Wednesday 

??? ????? (yohm rvee-EE)

Thursday 

??? ????? (yohm khah-mee-SHEE)

Friday 

??? ??? (yohm shee-SHEE)

Saturday 

??? (shah-BAHT)

Months

In everyday life, most Israelis use the Georgian Calendar. The month names pronunciation resembles Central-European (e.g. German) pronunciation.

January 

????? ("Yah-no-ar")

February 

?????? ("Feb-ruh-ar")

March 

??? ("Meh-rtz")

April 

????? ("Ah-pril")

May 

??? ("Mah-y")

June 

???? ("Yuh-nee")

July 

???? ("Yuh-lee")

August 

?????? ("O-guh-st")

September 

?????? ("September")

October 

??????? ("October")

November 

?????? ("November")

December 

????? ("Deh-tsember")

For holidays and events, Israeli Jews and Jews worldwide use a lunisolar calendar, in which the month begins at the new moon and a thirteenth month is added every few years. The months are numbered starting from Nisan or Aviv (March-April), but the year number is incremented in Tishrei; thus Elul 5760 is followed by Tishrei 5761. Besides meaning "spring" and "Nisan", "Aviv" is also the name of a stage that the growth of barley reaches at that time.

Nisan 

???? (nee-SAHN)

Iyar 

???? (ee-YAHR)

Sivan 

???? (see-VAHN)

Tammuz 

???? (tah-MOOZ)

Av 

?? (ahv)

Elul 

???? (eh-LOOL)

Tishrei 

???? (TISH-rey)

Cheshvan 

???? (khesh-VAN)

Kislev 

???? (KISS-lev)

Tevet 

??? (tey-VET)

Shevat 

??? (shuh-VAT)

Adar 

??? (ah-DAR)

Second Adar (the leap month) 

??? ??? (ah-DAR shey-NEE)

Duration

Day 

??? (yom)

Week 

???? (shah-VOOah)

Month 

???? (KHO-desh)

Year 

??? (shah-NAH)

Hour 

??? (shah-AH)

Minute 

??? (dah-KAH)

Second 

???? (shnee-YAH)

Time 

??? (zmahn)

Seasons

Spring 

???? (ah-VEEV)

Summer 

??? (KAH-yits)

Autumn 

???? (stahv)

Winter 

???? (KHO-ref)

What time is it? 

?? ????? (mah hah-shah-AH?)

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